{"id":1277,"date":"2018-06-27T17:43:54","date_gmt":"2018-06-27T21:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/?post_type=fdoc-nutrition-page&#038;p=1277"},"modified":"2024-06-13T10:55:13","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T14:55:13","slug":"cognitive-function","status":"publish","type":"fdoc-nutrition-page","link":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/health-nutrition\/cognitive-function\/","title":{"rendered":"Brain Health and Florida Orange Juice"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<h3><em><strong>Nutrition is important<\/strong>!<\/em><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Florida Orange Juice has several nutrients and plant compounds that are part of a healthy, balanced diet for brain health:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Flavonoids, such as <a title=\"Hesperidin in Florida Orange Juice\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/\/health-nutrition\/nutritional-information\/hesperidin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hesperidin<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a title=\"Vitamin C and Florida Orange Juice\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/\/health-nutrition\/nutritional-information\/vitamin-c\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vitamin C<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a title=\"Thiamin and Florida Orange Juice\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/\/health-nutrition\/nutritional-information\/thiamin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thiamin<\/a>\u00a0 (vitamin B1)<\/li>\r\n<li><a title=\"Vitamin B6 in Florida Orange Juice\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/\/health-nutrition\/nutritional-information\/vitamin-b6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vitamin B6<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Florida Orange Juice provides more nutrition than you may expect. Among many other nutrients, Florida OJ is rich in vitamin C, which is an antioxidant<sup>1<\/sup> and it\u2019s also packed with bioactive nutrients that are being studied for their role in brain health and cognitive function.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<h2>DID YOU KNOW?<\/h2>\r\n<p>The nutrients in Florida Orange Juice are being studied for their role in brain health and cognition.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nutrition Research Corner for Health Professionals<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>A clinical study in healthy older adults reported that adults who consumed 100% orange juice scored better on combined tests for global cognitive function compared to the control group.<sup>2<\/sup> In another study, orange juice with orange pomace added (to increase the fiber and flavonoid content of the juice) was shown to benefit psychomotor speed, attention\/executive function and subjective alertness in healthy overweight or obese men.<sup>3<\/sup> The consumption of citrus fruit and orange juice was associated with better performance on some cognitive tests in a study of older Norwegian adults.<sup>4<\/sup> Furthermore, improvement on the DSST test (which measures processing speed, attention, switching and other cognitive functions) was also seen in young adults after consuming 100 percent citrus juice; increased blood flow to an area of the brain related to these functions was also observed in a separate study.<sup>5<\/sup>\u00a0A large cohort study reported that drinking orange juice may be associated with a lower risk of memory loss over time in men.<sup>6<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flavonoids<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Flavonoids can cross the blood-brain barrier that the body uses to protect the brain from harmful or damaging agents.<sup>7,8<\/sup> Flavonoids found in citrus, specifically hesperidin and naringenin, may help maintain cell health in brain tissue as they appear to cross the blood-brain barrier to the greatest extent.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/health-nutrition\/orange-juice-health-benefits\/cognitive-function\/#references\"><sup>7<\/sup><\/a> Flavonoids may reduce inflammation and maintain or improve blood flow to the brain which could have positive effects on cognition.<sup>5,7-10<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>A clinical study in healthy older adults reported that adults who consumed 100% orange juice scored better on combined tests for global cognitive function compared to the control group.<sup>6<\/sup> In another study, orange juice with orange pomace added (to increase the fiber and flavonoid content of the juice) was shown to benefit psychomotor speed, attention\/executive function and subjective alertness in healthy overweight or obese men.<sup>3<\/sup> The consumption of citrus fruit and orange juice was associated with better performance on some cognitive tests in a study of older Norwegian adults.<sup>4<\/sup> Furthermore, improvement on the DSST test (which measures processing speed, attention, switching and other cognitive functions) was also seen in young adults after consuming 100 percent citrus juice; increased blood flow to an area of the brain related to these functions was also observed in a separate study.<sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The flavonoid hesperidin is highly concentrated in citrus and rarely found in other foods, making orange juice a unique source of this flavonoid.<sup>11<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin C<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Vitamin C is concentrated in cerebral spinal fluid and in the brain;<sup>12-14<\/sup> thus, vitamin C may play a role in brain health.<sup>12<\/sup> However, the precise role that vitamin C plays on cognition is unknown.<sup>15<\/sup> Some studies report higher vitamin C levels to be associated with better cognitive function, while others do not.<sup>12,14,15<\/sup> While research regarding the use of vitamin C on brain health is inconclusive, vitamin C may have a protective effect on brain aging, particularly in the elderly with insufficient vitamin C status.<sup>12,15<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>100% orange juice contains more than 100% of the Daily Value of vitamin C in an 8-ounce (250ml) glass. <sup>16<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thiamin (B1)<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Thiamin deficiency affects the nervous system and can cause memory loss, confusion, dementia, and other nervous system issues.<sup>17-19<\/sup> Lower amounts of thiamin and thiamin-dependent enzymes in the blood and brain have also been reported in several studies of elderly patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<sup>17,18<\/sup> Few and inconsistent studies have been performed on the effects of thiamin on improving cognition and preventing dementia; however, thiamin may play a beneficial role in brain health.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vitamin B6<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Research suggests vitamin B6 may play a role in brain health. Early studies in animals and adult humans have shown reduced neurotransmitters and abnormal EEGs (electroencephalograms) with vitamin B6 depletion.<sup>19<\/sup> Case reports describe clinical symptoms of B6 deficiency to include depression and confusion.<sup>19,20<\/sup> Few observational studies report associations between low B6 and other B vitamins and cognitive decline, but due to other factors within the studies, these results are not conclusive.<sup>20<\/sup> Therefore, the role of vitamin B6 and cognition is still unclear and an ongoing area of research.<sup>19,20<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>An 8-ounce glass of 100% orange juice has 8% of the Daily Value for vitamin B6.<sup>16<\/sup>*<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><sup>* <\/sup>Values based on a 2000 calorie diet. Nutrient values may vary based on manufacturer, brand and product types.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper back-to-btn\">\n                <a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/nutrition\/health-benefits\/\">\n                    <span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n                        <span class=\"elementor-button-text\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 8 14\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M 0.305 6.305 L 6.305 0.305 C 6.68 -0.102 7.336 -0.102 7.711 0.305 C 8.117 0.68 8.117 1.336 7.711 1.711 L 2.43 6.992 L 7.711 12.305 C 8.117 12.68 8.117 13.336 7.711 13.711 C 7.336 14.117 6.68 14.117 6.305 13.711 L 0.305 7.711 C -0.102 7.336 -0.102 6.68 0.305 6.305 Z\" fill=\"\" transform=\"matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -1.7763568394002505e-15, 0)\"\/><\/svg>BACK TO HEALTH BENEFITS<\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-fdoc-references\">\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-fdoc-references__heading\">References<\/h2>\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-fdoc-references__list\">\r\n<li>Canadian Food Inspection Agency (2018, May 11): Nutrient Function Claims. Retrieved June 12, 2019 from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.inspection.gc.ca\/food\/general-food-requirements-and-guidance\/labelling\/for-industry\/health-claims\/eng\/1392834838383\/1392834887794?chap=9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.inspection.gc.ca\/food\/general-food-requirements-and-guidance\/labelling\/for-industry\/health-claims\/eng\/1392834838383\/1392834887794?chap=9<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Kean et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;101(3):506-514.<\/li>\r\n<li>Alharbi et al. Eur J Nutr. 2016;55(6):2021-2029.<\/li>\r\n<li>Nurk et al. Br J Nutr. 2010;104:1190-1201.<\/li>\r\n<li>Lamport et al. Br J Nutr. 2017;116(12):2160-2168.<\/li>\r\n<li>Yuan et al. Neurology. 2019; 92(1):e63-e75.<\/li>\r\n<li>Spencer et al. Mol Aspects of Med. 2012;33(1):83-97.<\/li>\r\n<li>Jaeger et al. Mol Aspects Med. 2017. In press. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mam.2017.11.003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mam.2017.11.003<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Joseph et al. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(3):419-444.<\/li>\r\n<li>Francis et al. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 S2:215-220.<\/li>\r\n<li>Bhagwat S, Haytowitz D. USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods Release 3.2. In. Beltsville, MD: Unites States Department of Agriculture; 2015<\/li>\r\n<li>Travica et al. Nutrients. 2017;9(960) doi:10.3390\/nu9090960.<\/li>\r\n<li>Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Vitamin C. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2000:95-185.<\/li>\r\n<li>Alrt et al. Neurochem Res. 2012;37(12):2706-2714.<\/li>\r\n<li>Vitamin C. Linus Pauling Institute. Oregon State University. http:\/\/lpi.oregonstate.edu\/mic\/vitamins\/vitamin-C<\/li>\r\n<li>USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 28 (slightly revised). US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Nutrient Data Laboratory; May 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/ndb.nal.usda.gov\/ndb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ndb.nal.usda.gov\/ndb\/<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Thiamin. Linus Pauling Institute. Oregon State University. <a href=\"http:\/\/lpi.oregonstate.edu\/mic\/vitamins\/thiamin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/lpi.oregonstate.edu\/mic\/vitamins\/thiamin<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Thiamin. Health Sheet for Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements. National Institutes of Health.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Thiamin-HealthProfessional\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Thiamin-HealthProfessional\/<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Recommended Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences; 1998:58-83.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nutrition is important! Florida Orange Juice has several nutrients and plant compounds that are part of a healthy, balanced diet for brain health: Flavonoids, such as hesperidin Vitamin C Thiamin\u00a0 (vitamin B1) Vitamin B6\u00a0 Florida Orange Juice provides more nutrition than you may expect. Among many other nutrients, Florida OJ is rich in vitamin C,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1830,"parent":0,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"fdoc-nutrition-category":[116],"class_list":["post-1277","fdoc-nutrition-page","type-fdoc-nutrition-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","fdoc-nutrition-category-health-benefits"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fdoc-nutrition-page\/1277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fdoc-nutrition-page"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/fdoc-nutrition-page"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fdoc-nutrition-page\/1277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9642,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fdoc-nutrition-page\/1277\/revisions\/9642"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"fdoc-nutrition-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridacitrus.ca\/oj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fdoc-nutrition-category?post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}